The RMS value of alternating current is equivalent to the value of direct current (DC) when flowing through a circuit, which produces the same amount of heat, produced by the alternating current (AC) when flowing through the same circuit for a specific time. The RMS values are denoted by V rms or I rms. It means the square root of the mean(average) value of the square of the instantaneous values. The RMS (Root Mean Square) value is the effective value of an alternating quantity. Thus, from these equations, we can determine the average value of an alternating quantity, if the maximum or peak value is known.Ĭheck out the calculator to find the Average Value of an alternating quantity. Similarly, the average value of voltage is given by, It is zero, because one complete cycle have a positive and negative half cycles.įor a half cycle, the average value of sine wave is obtained by integrating the sinusoidal quantity over a half cycle(0 to π) and dividing by the half time period(π). Thus, we found the average value of sinusoidal waveform over one complete cycle is 0. Now, the average value of a sinusoidal waveform is obtained by integrating the sinusoidal quantity over a complete cycle and dividing by the total time period(2π). The instantaneous value of alternating current is given by, i = I m sin θ Where 0 and 2π are the limits of integration since we are determining the average value of current over one complete cycle. Analytical method to find Average valueįor one complete cycle, the area under the sinusoidal waveform can be determined by integration as follows, The average value of an alternating quantity is also explained as, When we convert the alternating current (AC) into a direct current (DC), then the converted DC value will be the required average value of that alternating current. Thus, the instantaneous value of an AC waveform will vary according to the position of the coil within the magnetic field as shown below. The instantaneous value can be defined as the value of an alternating quantity at any particular instant and is denoted as i and e. These values are known as Instantaneous Values. For example, the value at 1 millisecond will be different from the value at 1.2 milliseconds and so on. Since an AC waveform is continuously changing its magnitude and direction, the waveform at any instant will have a different value from its next instant. It depends upon the angle of rotation(θ) of the generating device. Analytical method to find Average valueĪt any instant of time, the EMF induced in a coil depends on the rate at which the coil cuts the magnetic flux between the poles.
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